The US Navy and Air Force experimenting with celestial compass x5 mop in the 50s of last century, S

Viking folklore mentions x5 mop the legendary sunstone, with which they found their way into the sea. In the first part we told you how modern scientists gradually reveal that this story is completely plausible - and prove it in practice.
Scientists from the University of Rennes conducting experiments on a crystal x5 mop of Icelandic calcite found on the deck of a ship from the Elizabethan era, sunk in 1592, only four years after the sinking of the Spanish Armada. New experiments of Dr. Guy Ropar and his team showed that the crystal can detect the location of the sun to an accuracy of 1 degree. Stone "worked" with the precision of a few degrees even when the sun had already descended below the horizon.
What is the trick? Principal at the opening of the sun is to detect the polarization of the light rays. Even in cloudy weather in the sky form concentric circles of polarized light in the center of which is the sun. If you have a polarizing crystal, you may find the position circles around the hidden x5 mop sun. How they did the Vikings? They raised the crystal over his head and rolled him in different directions, x5 mop as seen below. They knew that the light that passes through the crystal, is divided into two beams and from the other side of the stone are obtained two images. By rotating the crystal until the two images become equally bright, it is theoretically possible to find concentric circles of polarized light and thus determine where the sun. In this corner of the upper side of the crystal indicates the direction of our star, says the team of Guy Ropar. It is clear that in order to establish the right direction, are asked quite right eye. According to French researcher this is well within the capabilities of the human eye, which has a very fine tuning and can distinguish light and shade. So it can identify when the two images on the crystal are really identical. This ability has allowed the Vikings x5 mop to determine with precision the direction a few degrees! The theory of scientists from France was confirmed by their practical experience. They used a piece of Icelandic calcite, as it built into a wooden unit. He passed through a hole light rays exactly on the crystal and then double x5 mop image projected on the ground. Scientists tested the unit on solid ground in the geographical point where you know the exact path of the sun. The attempt was made in a big cloudy day, the sun never seen. It turned x5 mop out that the device showed its location to an accuracy of 1 degree even after it had already gone down. The next step for the researchers is to test solar compass Vikings at sea. The French team believes that after the discovery of the compass ship crews could have continued to use the stone to the Vikings as a backup. "We found that only one of the metal guns that took out from the sunken ship, could distort the magnetic x5 mop compass orientation by 90 degrees," wrote French in their study published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society A. Bees do it Ants do it, why not do it and the Vikings? Birds also sometimes use the polarization of light for navigation, explains American biologist John Phillips. According x5 mop to him, the use of a crystal of a rocking ship Viking hardly been easy. Probably sea wolves stopped on an island or descending blocks of ice that are encountered on their way to their feet firmly and pointing. Other scholars did pay attention to the fact that the method of polarization of light can not be used in full cloudy, so the Vikings should have used other landmarks. An interesting fact is that in the late 40s of last century, the US National Bureau of Standards developed called. celestial compass that works on the principle of the Icelandic crystal, taking into account the polarization of light. The idea comes from previously developed a "compass in twilight" developed by Dr. Herman August Fund of the University "John Hopkins". In 1949, the Bureau of Standards says: "The main advantage of this compass is that in twilight, in great clouds, also when the sun is several degrees below the horizon, the unit can be used as long as there is a small gap clear sky above us. So heavenly compass is especially valuable when it can be used solar. The compass is the most accurate in the polar regions x5 mop because of the nature of polarization of light there. It is most useful in these parts as there continues gloom longest. "
The US Navy and Air Force experimenting with celestial compass x5 mop in the 50s of last century, Scandinavian Airlines SAS used it for several years for polar flights. So experiments navigation "instruments" of the Vikings continue throughout the ages. What we are about to see?
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